Bena Lulua or Luba drum / Trommel / Tambour Congo - Kasai district (Luluwa, or Beena Luluwa)

These drums were played at the court at the investiture or funeral of the ruler or a dignitary.
This type of drum is also used by their neighbours the Basonge, Batetela, Baluba, Bakusu etc.

"The Lulua people are a Bantu ethnic group settled along the Lulua River valley in south central Kasai-Occidental province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. The Lulua are in fact a collection of small groups whose home bordered by the larger Luba state and the related Songye people and Chokwe people, with whom they share a very similar culture, history, and language. The name Lulua seems to have appeared in the last quarter of the 19th century, previously these groups simply being ethnically Luba people outside the Luba (or Baluba) political structure."
Excerpt from: Lulua people.© Wikipedia® the free encyclopedia.


Bibliograpy:
Boone, Olga : Les tambours du Congo Belge et du Ruanda-Urundi. 2Vol.1951. Tervuren : Annales du Musée du Congo Belge; Ethnographie 1
Brincard, M.T. : Sounding Forms – African Musical Instruments 1989
Chauvet, Dr. Stephen : Musique Nègre. 1929
Dagan , Esther A. : Drums - The Heartbeat of Africa. Galerie Amrad 1993
Gansemans, Jos : Les instruments de musique Luba. 1980
Laurenty, J.S. : Les membranophones des Luba-Shankadi. 1972
Maes, Joseph : Sculpture decorative ou symbolique des instruments de musique du Congo Belge. 1937
Meyer, Andreas : Afrikanische Trommeln – West- und Zentralafrika. Staatliche Museen Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin 1997
Söderberg, Bertil : Les instruments de musique au Bas-Congo et dans les régions avoisinantes. Stockholm 1956
Thompson, Robert Farris : The four moments of the sun - Kongo art in two worlds. 1981
Wieschhoff, Heinz : Die afrikanischen Trommeln und ihre außerafrikanischen Beziehungen. Stuttgart 1933