Mayombe / Yombe drum / Trommel / Tambour Congo

"The region is characterized by the presence of laced double-skin conical drums, which exist in various forms. In the territory of the former kingdom of Loango particularly long instruments of this type are known as ingomba.(...) In the literature they are often regarded as being imitations of European gun barrels.(...) According to older sources these instruments were played with the hands or with a beater, the upper part of the drum body being held between the player´s legs."
excerpt from the book:
Andreas Meyer - Afrikanische Trommeln West- und Zentralafrika, Berlin 1997 p.243


Bibliography:
Boone, Olga : Les tambours du Congo Belge et du Ruanda-Urundi. 2Vol. 1951. Tervuren: Annales du Musée du Congo Belge; Ethnographie 1
Chauvet, Dr. Stephen : Musique Nègre. 1929
Dagan, Esther A. - Drums : The Heartbeat of Africa edited by Galerie Amrad 1993
Meyer, Andreas : Afrikanische Trommeln – West- und Zentralafrika. Staatliche Museen Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin 1997
Thompson, Robert Farris : The four moments of the sun - Kongo art in two worlds. 1981
Wieschhoff, Heinz : Die afrikanischen Trommeln und ihre außerafrikanischen Beziehungen. Stuttgart 1933