Àgbá drum Yoruba Nigeria

"Àgbá is the drum ensemble used in the cult of Ògbóni, a secret society that wielded strong political, judicial,
and religious powers among the Yorùbá in the precolonial era, but now functions as a social and religious group.
Like the ìgbìn and ìpèsè, each of the three-drum ensemble of àgbá is upright open-ended log drum with single goatskin/leather head.
But unlike the ìgbìn and/or ìpèsè that are usually of moderate size, àgbá drums are generally large and heavy."
excerpt from:
Oláwọlé Fámúlẹ̀ - Èdè Àyàn: The Language of Àyàn in Yorùbá Art and Ritual of Egúngún
University of Wisconsin-Superior ofamule@uwsuper.edu
© University of Florida


References:
Beier, Ulli : Three Igbin drums from Igbomina. 1963
Beier, Ulli : Obatala Festival. In: Nigeria Bd.52 1956
Dagan , Esther A. : Drums - The Heartbeat of Africa edited by Galerie Amrad 1993
De Silva,Tamara : Symbols and Ritual: The socio-religous role of the igbin drum family.
King, Anthony : Yoruba Sacred Music from Ekiti. Ibadan 1961
Kubik, Gerhard : Musikgeschichte in Bildern - Westafrika. Leipzig 1989
Laoye I. Timi von Ede : Yoruba Drums. 1959
Meyer, Andreas : Afrikanische Trommeln – West- und Zentralafrika. Staatliche Museen Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin 1997
Meyer, Andreas : African Drums in the Berliner Museum für Völkerkunde. In: Dagen, Esther A.(Hrsg.): Drums. The Heartbeat of Africa. Galerie Amrad 1993
Oláwọlé Fámúlẹ̀ - Èdè Àyàn: The Language of Àyàn in Yorùbá Art and Ritual of Egúngún
Ortiz, Fernando: Los instrumentos de la musica afrocubana. Habana 1952 V. Volumes.
Thieme, Darius : A Descriptive Catalogue of Yoruba Musical Instruments. Diss. Washington D.C. 1969
Willet, Frank : A Contribution to the History of Musical Instruments among the Yoruba. 1977